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HomeMy WebLinkAbout03142019 ZPC Agenda Item 7 Exhibit"A" Amend Appendix A of the Code of Ordinances by replacing Section 8-107 in its entirety with the following: Section 8-107. Outdoor Lighting (a) Purpose. The purpose of this Section is to enhance the visual environment of the City while also promoting the safety and continued well-being of the community by: (1) Preventing the trespass of artificial light onto rights-of-way, residential properties, and nonresidential properties in ways that constitute a hazard to public safety or interference with the use,value, and enjoyment of the property; (2) Conserving energy and resources consistent with the goals of the State Energy Conservation Office; (3) Helping to minimize heat generation resulting in higher temperatures during night-time hours; and (4) Helping to minimize the City's carbon footprint. (b) Applicability. The standards of this Section apply to all outdoor lighting except as provided in Subsections(d)and (j) below. This includes, but is not limited to, new lighting, replacement lighting, or any other lighting whether attached to structures, poles, the earth, or any other location, including lighting installed by any third party. (c) Effective Date. The effective date of , 2019 shall be the date when this Section enters into the full force of law. (d) Exemptions.The following types of lighting are exempt from the requirements of this Section: (1) A streetlight approved by the City for the purposes of illuminating public streets, sidewalks, and public facilities; (2) An official traffic light or signal; (3) Lighting required by law to be equipped on vehicles; (4) An emergency light used temporarily(not longer than the emergency conditions involved); (5) A decorative holiday light used temporarily(not more than 45 days out of any 365-day period); (6) A security light requested or consented to by the current owner of or person in control of the building that is illuminated;and (7) A device illuminating a sports field. (e) Light Fixture Type. Light fixtures shall be: (see Figure 8-107.1, Types of Light Fixtures) (1) "Full Cut-off"fixtures that limit lighting that is visible or measurable at the property line; (2) Of constant intensity; (3) Reflected or shielded so as not to: (i) Be of excessive brightness; (ii) Cause glare hazardous to pedestrians or drivers; (iii) Create any public or private nuisance;or (iv) Unreasonably interfere with an abutting property owner's right to enjoy their property. (4) "No cut-off"fixtures, used only for decorative purposes, provided: (i) They have light fixtures that produce no more than 1,000 lumens (approximately equal to a 75-watt incandescent bulb); (ii) They have a maximum height of 12 feet; and (iii) They use energy-efficient bulbs, such as compact fluorescent(CF) and light-emitting diode (LED). Figure 8-107.1 Types of Light Fixtures ' CUT-OFF FIXTURE • i TOTAL CUT-OFF LUMINAIRE PEAK �. •° CANDLEPQI ER 4 t p� 4C9 ry 410 6� 100%OFR LIGHT OUTPUT NO CUT-OFF CUT-OFF FIXTURE LIMINAIRE LESS THAN 90' (f) Cut-Off Requirements. (1) Full Cut-Off. Except as otherwise allowed for in this Section,all lighting(including, but not limited to vehicle use areas,canopies, security,walkway, landscaping, signs,outdoor display areas, and building)shall have 100 percent of its output below 90 degrees from a vertical line through the fixture. (2) Adjacent to Residential.All lighting fixtures that are mounted on a building wall facing a property line adjacent to a residential property line or public right-of-way boundary shall be fitted with a "house side shielding" reflector on the side facing the residential property line or public right-of-way. (3) Flags and Statutes. Light fixtures used to illuminate flags, statues,or any other objects mounted on a pole, pedestal,or platform shall use a narrow cone beam of light that will not extend beyond the illuminated object. (4) Not Visible Above Roofline. For upward-directed architectural, landscape,and decorative lighting,direct light emissions shall not be visible above the primary building roofline. (g) Maximum Fixture Height. (1) Freestanding Fixtures. No freestanding light fixture shall be greater than 8 feet in height. (2) Fixtures Mounted on Residential Buildings and Accessory Structures. Fixtures that are mounted on residential buildings or accessory structures shall not be located higher than 12 feet or above the lowest point of the roof eave,whichever is lower. (3) Fixtures Mounted on Nonresidential Buildings. (i) Mounted light fixtures shall not be located above the highest point of the roofline of any building. (ii) Full cut-off fixtures shall have a maximum height of 25 feet. (iii) No cut-off fixtures: (1) Shall have a maximum height of 20 feet;and (2) Are not permitted on any side of a building that faces or abuts a residential property line. (j) Nonconforming Outdoor Lighting. All existing nonconforming light fixtures and light fixture heights as of the effective date of this Section [See Subsection (c)] shall be removed or altered to comply with the standards established in this Section by or before December 31, 2023. Amend Article 2. Definitions and Interpretations by adding the following terms to section 2-102. Certain terms. Definitions. (1) Abutting means two or more lots sharing the same or common property lines. This term does not include lots separated by a street or alley. (2) Full Cut-Off means a shielded light fixture that emits no light above a horizontal plane touching the lowest part of the fixture. (3) Glare means visual discomfort or impairment caused by a bright source of light in a direction near one's line of sight. (4) Lumen means the unit of luminous flux,the total amount of light falling uniformly on or passing through an area of one square foot, each point of which is one foot from a one-candela source. Outdoor Lighting - Proposal Before ZPC March 14, 2019 From: Steve Brown, 3305 Rice Blvd General West U is a densely populated residential community in which our wellbeing, safety and comfort depend at least as much on how we treat each other as on the efforts of our excellent City staff. Effectively, we live in a big condominium. Outdoor lighting is necessary for our way of life. The purpose of any regulation is to encourage us to use this essential tool in a neighborly way. Either the existing regulations or the proposed replacement will get the job done. But proper enforcement of either one requires active participation by the residents of West U. We each need the willingness, the courage, to approach our offending neighbor and try to work out the problem in a friendly manner. We also need to be aware of when we may be the offender and be responsive to requests for correction. The code enforcement officer and the police can act in response to specific resident complaints. But West U is not staffed to enforce this and many other parts of its code without heavy resident participation. Simply passing a revised ordinance will not be enough. Specific Comments 1. The existing ordinance is concise and easy to understand. Its key provision (Section 8-107 (b)) is that the bulb of any lighting device installed outdoors must not be visible from within a door or window of an occupied building on a neighboring residential site. This prohibition applies regardless of where, how high, at what angle or how bright the offending fixture is. There are exceptions only for seven specific situations. We should be careful to keep this strong rule in any ordinance update. 2. The proposed ordinance, despite its length, includes a number of useful specifics (height, placement, fixture type and cut-off requirements) that may make enforcement easier, especially on new construction. 3. Looking to the future, I suggest that the reference to specific energy-efficient bulbs in paragraph (e) (4) (iii) of the proposed ordinance be replaced by a minimum standard of lighting efficacy stated in lumens per watt. CF bulbs are already obsolete. Conclusion The most effective way forward with outdoor lighting rules may be to combine the best parts of the existing and proposed ordinances. Assuming City Council passes revised rules, we will need a continuing effort to educate residents (perhaps something like that for recycling) if we expect real improvement in our lighting environment. From: To: Debbie Scarcella Subject: Comments on outdoor lighting Date: Thursday,January 10,2019 8:03:04 PM I live in a one story house. My next door neighbor's second story driveway light shines directly into my bedroom window.There are tenants there now, and I did ask them long ago to turn it off and they usually - do, but not always. Also, a new two story house was built catty-corner behind me. No one is living there now, but the builder has started turning on the back porch lights and they shine into my bedroom window also because they are higher than my eight foot fence. So do the lights in the upstairs rooms on the back of the house, especially the large window that looks down into my backyard. Not happy about the house at all, but nothing I can do about it. It would be nice not have have these things happen, but I don't know how you can control what people are doing at the back of their houses Lori Hill 3933 Milton Existing Regulations Section 8-107.-Outdoor lighting. (a) Intent . The intent of this section is to require outdoor lighting to use "full cut-off'fixtures, low-output bulbs, shields or other methods to reduce light trespass, glare and light pollution and to encourage energy conservation. (b) In general . Any lighting device installed outdoors (or on the exterior of a structure) must be designed, constructed and operated so that the bulb or light source (diffused or not) is not visible from within a door or window of an occupied building on another building site used for residential purposes. (c) Certain defenses . It is an affirmative defense to prosecution under this section that the device in question is: (1) a streetlight approved by the City; (2) an official traffic light or signal; (3) an emergency light used temporarily(not longer than the emergency conditions involved); (4) a decorative holiday light used temporarily(not more than 45 days out of any 365-day period); (5) a security light requested or consented to by the current owner of(or person in control of) the building (on another building site)that is illuminated; (6) a light located in a front yard or street side yard (or on a building facing such a yard), if: (i) all the lights in—or facing—that yard emit, in the aggregate, no more than 4,000 lumens, and (ii)no individual bulb in—or facing—that yard emits more than 1,000 lumens; or (7) a device illuminating a sports field. From: )udv Bolling To: Debbie Scarcella Subject: Exterior Lighting comments for ZPC Date: Tuesday,January 22,2019 2:33:36 PM I saw the solicitation for comments on exterior lighting in the City Currents and am providing some thoughts for consideration. This issue came to my attention because a new home has been built next to my two story home,and only as they are nearing the end of construction are exterior lights going up and on. 1. Plan approvals for new building or renovations(not just lighting)should take into consideration possible impacts on adjacent properties including notifying the adjacent property owners of the plans and allowing them to review plans and provide comments prior to plan approval or construction. Yes,I know that will delay builders (many of whom I think are not residents and have little regard for the impact of their building on the neighborhood or neighbors)but it also allows for some potential issues to be identified and addressed early in the process where it may be possible to make relatively simple adjustments that would satisfy everyone. (Perhaps this is what the zoning standard are intended to do but it seems that many residents think that building has gotten a bit out of control and their interests are not being protected sufficiently.) 2. With regard to lighting,consider setting different restrictions depending on lot size and building proximity. Where homes are only 10- 12 feet apart,exterior side lighting may have different consequences for neighbors than if they are 30 feet apart. 3. Limit the light output(is that still wattage?)that can be used on front,side,and rear lighting(by which I mean both total output in each direction and per fixture-see 6 below). There are instances where the lights on the front of home or garages are so bright that they intrude into homes across the street. Lighting for safety or security on your own property is understandable,but it need not extend beyond your yard. 4. Consider requiring that side lighting on homes or back yard lighting be on timers with required nightly cutoffs ("dark hours"perhaps seasonally adjusted)and motion detectors in use after the nightly cutoff if deemed necessary by the homeowner. 5. Limit the height at which side or corner lighting can be installed,perhaps to the height of adjacent fencing to allow the fencing to help contain light spillage. (I would suggest that if there is no fencing between homes,there can be no side lighting without permission of all parties.) 6. Limit the number of lights that can be installed on the side of homes,based perhaps not on the size of the home but the impact on the neighbors. 7. Limit the direction in which light can be generated(down only perhaps or within a set number of degrees of down,say 10- 15,to limit encroachment on neighbors. 8. Set up a process,similar to the noise ordinance for AC units,where someone from the city can measure light encroachment in contentious situations(and not only from a property line necessarily,but from,say,an upstairs bedroom window). 9. Consider not allowing any side lighting on homes,but rather encouraging use of ground level lighting in side yards instead,and then only capped lighting(no up lighting). 10. If side lighting is allowed,require the same sort of permission from all abutting neighbors that is required for fencing. And,on a few other topics, 11. Consider scaling back on the percentage of the lot that can be covered by a structure and concrete. 12. Consider requiring water permeable driveways and sidewalks. 13. Consider allowing easements between streets and sidewalks to be used for parking(cut ins)to help alleviate the parking issues on our streets. 14. Change quiet hours to 8 am to 6 pm weekdays. Thanks for considering! Judy Bolling 3911 Browning Sent from my iPad From: Pick To: Debbie Scarceii� Subject: Exterior Lighting Date: Monday,January 14,2019 12:30:44 PM Ms. Scarcella/ZPC, In response to the overture in City Currents about exterior lighting, I offer the following comments: I recognize that management of exterior residential lighting is a challenge where one size does not fit all. That may in part be because West U's current lighting ordinance is largely not understood and is mostly ignored by the public Exterior lighting is utilized for a combination reasons, principally security, access and aesthetics. Although there are some exceptions, in West U exterior lighting it is generally tastefully executed. However, lighting on one property almost always affects the neighboring property either by virtue of spillover lighting or by presenting a visible lighted image rather than simple darkness. For example the some of the lighting on houses surrounding my home produces enough light that I can walk around inside my house at night without turning on lights. Admittedly I have several uncovered windows and there is not enough light to read, but it is anything but dark inside or outside of my house. My view of exterior lighting is that it should primarily be available (and not necessarily always on) to help people enter and exit a house and it should be turned off at bedtime, to save electricity if for no other reason. (Motion detectors can be used to provide security lighting.) Any lights left on when people are not actively coming or going should be of low wattage (lumens). I find that in a dark area 25 watts or 375 lumens produces a surprisingly generous amount of light, not enough for reading or working but plenty for a person to navigate or be seen. To arrive at a concept for allowable exterior lighting security, utility and aesthetics issues should be addressed. Fixtures delivering the desired outcome should then be defined, especially in terms of their impact on or visibility from neighboring properties. Spillover lighting is a major factor but so is simply being able to see exposed bulbs or brightly lighted buildings. The impact of the trend to blanket houses with light, as shown in the picture in City Currents, should be considered as one example of a lighting challenge. Finally, in addition to determining the maximum light from any fixture or group of fixtures, all aspects of lighting applications should be addressed including downlighting from trees and poles, uplighting of bushes and houses, and porch/entry lights. It is wishful thinking, but perhaps more could be done in terms of not only requiring the installation of "full cutoff" fixtures but requiring them to be off when people are not actively coming or going from a property. With the City Currents example in mind, perhaps changes short of the "dark skies" concepts could be developed, applied and enforced. From: Liz Wilder To: Debbie Scarcella Subject: exterior lighting ordinance Date: Tuesday,January 15,2019 3:05:29 PM Hello, Thank you for requesting feedback on outdoor lighting in the recent"City Currents". I do believe back yard lighting has become much brighter over the 20 years we have been homeowners.Although I have not complained to the neighbors,I now need blackout curtains in my bedroom to block the strings of"party lights"hung next door.This is not a huge decorating deal for me in that particular room,and I live on a corner so light intrudes only from one side. However,I have other WU friends who have serious problems with their neighbors' lit sports courts or other such installations in back that make it difficult to enjoy being in their own family or living rooms.There is a lot of unpleasant glare.I suggest that some kind of landscape screening fabric or other"giant lamp shade"be required for unusual lighting installations to protect the neighbors. Best wishes, Elizabeth Wilder 6645 Westchester II From: VIRGINIA WILSON To: Debbie Scarcella Subject: Exterior Lighting Date: Saturday,January 12,2019 9:54:55 AM I do not see a problem with any exterior lighting on homes or in back yards. My neighbor has flood lights(motion censored) and I do, as well, on the side of our houses. I keep my swimming pool light on at night, as my back yard lights aren't very strong. The reason I believe in keeping our properties well lit, is because when there was a murder in West U(can't remember the street name but it was in the chimney)many years ago, the police came to talk to all the neighbors and told us a well lit house is a distraction to criminals. Therefore, I believe in a well lit exterior just to deter any predators. I believe there are ways that people can reduce the amount of light that comes into their rooms with black out drapes or other types of window coverings. I think the safety of our homes greatly out weighs not having our houses lit up well, as I believe a dark house at night might attract those who want to do harm. Thank you, Virginia Wilson 4212 Judson Avenue 713-299-1843 From: Blaine Davis To: Debbie Scarcella Subject: Exterior Lighting Date: Saturday,January 12,2019 1:58:20 PM I live in the townhouses on Bissonnet across from the Belmont apartments. A new home was constructed behind us on Wroxton and they have a side light that is extremely bright and shines in my bedroom window. I have indoor shutters, so sleeping is not a problem,but if I walk into the room at night I'm hit in the face by a very strong light. It doesn't help that I was initially aggravated by the fact that all I see of the house are blank walls on both the side with the light and the back. It's not very attractive, and now it's lit at night with an annoying light. I think that this is a problem, and I don't know the people who moved into this house well enough to go and ask them to tilt the light down more so I'd much prefer there was some type of ordinance in place that would have prevented me from being spotlit in my own house in the first place. Blaine Davis 2921 Bissonnet From: Delvce McKeehan To: Debbie Scarcella Subject: FW:Online Form Submittal:Community Feedback Form-OUTDOOR LIGHTING FEEDBACK Date: Thursday,February 14,2019 9:14:23 AM Morning—I believe this would go to you. Delyce McKeehan Senior Accounting and Customer Service Rep City of West University Place 3800 University Boulevard,West University Place,TX 77005 Tel 713.662.5828 Fax 713.662.5804 Mir a f ATTENTION PUBLIC OFFICIALS: This email,plus any attachments,may constitute a public record of the City of West University Place and may be subject to public disclosure under the Texas Public Information Act. A"reply to all"of this e-mail could lead to violations of the Texas Open Meetings Act.Please reply only to the sender. From: noreply @civicplus.com [mailto:noreply @civicplus.com] Sent: Wednesday, February 13, 2019 9:36 PM To: info; Delyce McKeehan Subject: Online Form Submittal: Community Feedback Form -OUTDOOR LIGHTING FEEDBACK Community Feedback Form Do you have a story you'd like to share about a park or program or a suggestion for improving our services? We'd love to get your feedback!Please fill out the form below, and we will be in touch soon. First Name jennifer Last Name Sickman Street Address 4152 OBERLIN ST City HOUSTON State Tx Zip 77005 Email Address jennifer.sickman @gmail.com Phone Number(if you 7136600478 prefer a call back) I am interested in: Expressing a concern Comments hello, I saw some kind of notice requesting resident comment/feedback regarding outdoor lighting. I do think it has become an issue. I don't mind the street level lighting, but flood lights at roof level bleed into all my bedrooms at night and it is very unpleasant.the problem seems to have magnified recently. are we considering an ordinance, or at least an educational effort, perhaps partnering with local hardware businesses to require/encourage/incentivize using motion triggered lighting; app controlled, or at least automated turn off at midnight....?Thank you. Have you previously No, I have not. spoken to a city department or city personnel regarding this issue? Email not displaying correctly?View it in your browser. From: Annie n Bob To: Debbie Scarcella Cc: Susan Sample;Dave Beach Subject: Light pollution-topic at your upcoming meeting(s) Date: Saturday,January 12,2019 9:30:18 AM Debbie, There is a publication called "City Currents" that states you are "asking for your input. Are lights from your neighboring yards an intrusion on your property?" and "While most outdoor lighting issues can be resolved between neighbors". My input is that the existing code 8-107 is sufficient, but Dave Beach and the folks who work for him do not enforce them. Dave also said that any changes you make will not be retroactively enforced. In particular, our home at 4135 Coleridge Street shares a back fence with 4136 Tennyson. This neighbor has several high wattage floodlights at about 13 foot elevation bouncing off their back house wall, over their 9 foot (not 8)foot fence lighting up our entire backyard and shining through our master bedroom window. It is as if we live next door to a gas station or Walmart. They leave these lights on all night long. II I discussed this with the neighbor and they said our home is kept too dark, so the issue remains unresolved. Please issue proper direction to Dave and his folks to address the issue. I am currently away, but my wife Angie can be reached at 281 222-0307. My next door neighbor, who has issues with barking dogs and a gong from the same Tennyson property sent me a copy of the article requesting input. The neighbor across the street has children who go to school with their children, and they were not surprised to hear our concerns. Thanks again for all you do for us. We spent a lot of money on our dream home and are very disappointed with the un-neighborly behavior by this one neighbor and the way Dave Beach is interpreting the existing lighting code. Bob Seeley 281 486-4927 Original Message From: Susan Sample<ssample @westutx.gov> To: Angie n Bob <angie.n.bob @comcast.net> Date: May 2, 2018 at 10:38 AM Subject: RE: Light pollution Bob, I understand that City Staff(Chief Building Official and Code Enforcement/Animal Control Officer) met with you to investigate/discuss the light issue and while you don't agree with our Code you understood that the installed lights did not violate our current code.The lights were viewed during a day and nighttime visit to ensure they were compliant with the Code and unless something has changed from the last time staff conducted a day and nighttime visit,then I am not sure what there would be to revisit. As you reference from the Code (8-107 Outdoor Lighting)—the intent is to reduce light trespass where the light is physically directing light onto a neighbor's property.The fixtures installed are full cutoff and the light source is not visible from with the neighbor's door or window. It's not about it being too bad for you, but it's about what can be enforced by the City staff. As mentioned in previous emails,the issue of exterior lighting is being brought up by staff to the Zoning and Planning Commission for their consideration and to discuss any revisions to the existing Code. I understand this is not the answer you would have like to received, but we can only enforce the Code as it is. Sincerely, Susan Susan Sample Mayor City of West University Place 3800 University Boulevard, West University Place, TX 77005 ATTENTION PUBLIC OFFICIALS: This email,plus any attachments,may constitute a public record of the City of West University Place and may be subject to public disclosure under the Texas Public Information Act. A"reply to all"of this e-mail could lead to violations of the Texas Ooen Meetings Act.Please reply only to the sender. From: Angie n Bob [angie.n.bob @comcast.net] Sent: Monday,April 30, 2018 9:37 PM To: Susan Sample Subject: Re: Light pollution Susan, Please revisit this one last time regarding the property at 4136 Tennyson. As the attached picture shows, there is absolutely no effort "to use low- output bulbs, shields or other methods to reduce light trespass, glare and light pollution" as required in 8-107(a) below. The interpretation by the West U staff is that since "the bulb or light source...is not visible" as specified in 8-107(b), then that is just too bad for me. There is no reason why a homeowner with 3 very large dogs needs that much security lighting. Maybe a good lawyer or judge might draw a different conclusion regarding the applicability and enforceability of 8- 107(a). I have no problem taking West U to court to get it addressed, but I would hope that a better solution is available. I had to drag a 4'x4' sheet of 3/4" plywood on top of my Pergola to make a temporary stepladder platform to use to hang the curtain off my soffit boards. Climbing out there to hang the curtain was not fun. My grandfather died falling off a roof before OSHA rules and training were established for working from heights. My wife says the curtain looks like something that belongs in a trailer park, not West U. Bob Seeley Section 8-107. - Outdoor lighting. (a) Intent . The intent of this section is to require outdoor lighting to use "full cut-off' fixtures, low-output bulbs, shields or other methods to reduce light trespass, glare and light pollution and to encourage energy conservation. (b) In general . Any lighting device installed outdoors(or on the exterior of a structure)must be designed, constructed and operated so that the bulb or light source (diffused or not) is not visible from within a door or window of an occupied building on another building site used for residential purposes. On April 30, 2018 at 3:06 PM Angie n Bob <angie.n.bob @comcast.net>wrote: The weather sure has been nice lately. Sleeping with windows open was great. Had to climb out on my pergola with a stepladder to hang the attached curtain off the back of the house to be able to open the windows in our master bedroom. The neighbor behind us has a 2 year old house with eight 200 watt floodlights hanging about 15 feet from our back fence. The bulbs are legal, per West U specs, because they are recessed in light cans. The homeowner leaves them on all night long blasting through our closed plantation shutters. If we put a curtain on the inside we would get no air flow. Since specs cannot be changed retroactively, our design to have a master bedroom with 3 large windows overlooking our backyard did not work out as planned. This same neighbor(4136 Tennyson) is retired and sits on his side porch much of the day letting his ceiling fan blow his tobacco smoke in everyone else's backyards. (It is reminds you of flying into Detroit (menthol city) back when folks were allowed to smoke on airplanes/in airports.) His wife used to stand in the backyard banging an oriental gong a couple dozen times throughout the day until our neighbor next door went down and filed a complaint. I complained about his 3 barking labradoodles a couple times on Click West U, but the response on Click West U is always to call the police. Bob Seeley 4135 Coleridge Street 281 486-4927 From: Larry Kelly To: Debbie Scarcella Subject: lighting Date: Thursday,January 10,2019 8:26:47 PM I would like to see ordinance restricting lighting in back yards, also. Thanks, Larry Kelly 3319 Georgetown From: Lynn Smith To: Debbie Scarcella Subject: the lighting police Date: Thursday,February 14,2019 1:59:17 PM Hello D Scarcella, O saw a small article asking for thoughts on outdoor lighting problems in West U and my reply has been rumbling around in my brain for all this time. My husband and I once owned a home at Pirates Beach. We were 3 houses from the Gulf. Our subdivision had strict rules & regs about outdoor lighting because of the sea turtles. Besides the sea turtles, I always loved that I could go out on my deck on a clear night and see the stars. If my neighbors left their lights on I was the one who walked the dog that way and flipped the OFF switch. Here in West U most of the homes are overlit. I have two dogs, one very young and one old so I walk them separately twice a day every day. I walk all over my area and see that most home use bulbs that are over bright, some houses have sconces that are on 24/7, a lot of homes still have old fashioned ground lights that shine up into the sky. I don't think there is anything you can do to solve the problem. Let's face it, you can't even get people to separate their recyclables properly. How many will give a damn about their outside lighting? I don't think very many. I think you are beating a dead horse on this one. Time to move on to a more pressing issue. Sincerely, Lynn Smith 2701 Amherst 77005